Bowel or faecal incontinence happens when a dog cannot control when their poo comes out or when the process of pooing is not following its normal sequence. This is usually due to a problem with the spine or nerve function, but may develop spontaneously in senior dogs.
What causes bowel incontinence in dogs?
The most common causes of bowel incontinence in dogs are:
Intervertebral disc disease (for example, a slipped disc in their spine)
Traumatic spinal injury
Sphincter incontinence, where the anus is unable to stop the passage of faeces
Degenerative lumbosacral stenosis, where the nerves coming from the spine lose function over time
Severe diarrhoea, such as inflammatory bowel disease
Is bowel incontinence more likely in some dogs?
Intervertebral disc disease is more common in breeds like Dachshund, French Bulldog, Basset Hound or Corgi.
Lumbosacral stenosis is more common in large breeds like German Shepherd, Labrador or Dalmatian.
Symptoms of bowel incontinence in dogs
Passing poo while walking, playing, resting, coughing or barking
Soiling on back legs or tail
Wobbly or weak back legs
Dribbling or not passing urine
How is bowel incontinence diagnosed?
A thorough physical and neurological examination (testing reflexes and muscle tone) will provide a lot of information and may be enough for a diagnosis.
X-rays are often used to check the amount and type of faeces present in the gut, as well as any bone or joint abnormalities
Ultrasound may be used if masses are suspected, but is not always useful
Complex cases may require MRI or endoscopy
What’s the treatment for bowel incontinence in dogs?
Vet treatment:Treating incontinence caused by spinal or nerve damage is difficult.
Pain relief is crucial, and anti-inflammatories may help.
Some types of spinal disease require surgery as soon as possible.
Sphincter incontinence has no specific treatment and can only be managed. If advanced or severe, euthanasia may be discussed.
Treating bowel incontinence is difficult and often not effective. It is important to check if there is a hidden cause.
Increasing the frequency of walks can help.
Dietary changes to reduce the amount of poo produced, while still keeping the right amounts of all nutrients, may also help
If associated with dementia, treatments for this may help.
Checking frequently for soiling of their coat and keeping them clean is important to avoid complications.
Keep bedding and blankets clean and dry.
What to expect
Bowel incontinence is often associated with other problems that seriously impact the quality of life. If you are struggling to manage this problem or if it’s causing important complications, euthanasia may be the kindest option. Don’t hesitate to speak to a vet if you have concerns about this.
How to prevent bowel incontinence in dogs
A healthy and balanced diet will keep the gut regular and functioning well, which may help prevent some causes of incontinence.
Regular exercise and play have the same benefits. Treating and managing mobility problems like arthritis may have a positive impact on gut function as well.
When to worry about bowel incontinence in dogs
Sudden incontinence is usually due to serious injury or disease, especially if movement of the back legs is abnormal or urination is also affected. See a vet straight away.
Progressive incontinence in older dogs may be connected to other diseases, such as tumours. A vet check is recommended.
The vets and nurses at the Joii app are always available to give you advice and answer any questions.